默认方案
使用cowplot提供的draw_image函数读入图片
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library(cowplot)
p1 <- ggdraw() + draw_image("myFirstAlignment.pdf")
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存在问题
读入的图片存在太多的空白，需要手动切割，或者使用paperWidth和paperHeight来调整，此外，draw_image不指出指定分辨率，读图出来的分辨率太低。
解决方案
使用ggimage::image_read2函数导入外部图片，保证图片分辨率并使用ggplotify::as.ggplot转化为ggplot对象，再使用cowplot组图。
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#安装ggimage最新版
setRepositories(ind=1:2)
devtools::install_github("GuangchuangYu/ggimage")
#安装ggplotify
devtools::install_github("GuangchuangYu/ggplotify")
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安装依赖
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Package Magick++ was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `Magick++.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'Magick++' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lMagick++-6.Q16
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because Magick++ was not found. Try installing:
- deb: 'libmagick++-dev' (Debian, Ubuntu)
- rpm: 'ImageMagick-c++-devel' (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
- csw: 'imagemagick_dev' (Solaris)
On MacOS it is recommended to use install ImageMagick-6 from homebrew
with extra support for fontconfig and rsvg rendering:
brew reinstall imagemagick@6 --with-fontconfig --with-librsvg
For older Ubuntu versions Trusty (14.04) and Xenial (16.04) use our PPA:
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:opencpu/imagemagick
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y libmagick++-dev
If Magick++ is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a Magick++.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘magick’
* removing ‘/Storage/data002/shurh/miniconda3/envs/R-3.5.1/lib/R/library/magick’
Error in i.p(...) :
(converted from warning) installation of package ‘magick’ had non-zero exit status
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根据报错信息，环境中缺少安装需求的Magick++.pc，此时可通过yum查找哪些软件包可以提供
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#yum查找提供Magick++.pc的软件包
yum provides '*/Magick++.pc'
#结果发现所需的两个包
ImageMagick-c++-devel-6.7.2.7-6.el6.x86_64 : C++ bindings for the ImageMagick library
Repo : base
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/lib64/pkgconfig/Magick++.pc
ImageMagick-c++-devel-6.7.2.7-6.el6.i686 : C++ bindings for the ImageMagick library
Repo : base
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/lib/pkgconfig/Magick++.pc
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安装完成后仍然报错
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Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘magick’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...):
unable to load shared object '/Storage/data002/shurh/miniconda3/envs/R-3.5.1/lib/R/library/magick/libs/magick.so':
/Storage/data002/shurh/miniconda3/envs/R-3.5.1/lib/R/library/magick/libs/magick.so: undefined symbol: _ZN6Magick5Image5writeEPNS_4BlobERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEm
Error: loading failed
Execution halted
ERROR: loading failed
* removing ‘/Storage/data002/shurh/miniconda3/envs/R-3.5.1/lib/R/library/magick’
Error in i.p(...) :
(converted from warning) installation of package ‘magick’ had non-zero exit status
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一阵搜索后无果，但明显是magick仍然未能安装完成。最终，通过conda安装r-magick从而完成magick的安装。
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conda install -c conda-forge r-magick
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此时安装的r-magick为1.9版本，而ggimage要求从源码安装的magick则为2.0版本，若按要求升级则同样会报错，此时可选择不升级，保持1.9版本仍然可完成ggimage的安装
实例演示
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plot_grid(
plot_grid(p1, p2$gtable, ncol=2, rel_widths=c(.6, 1), labels=LETTERS[1:2]),
p3, ncol=1, labels=c("", "C"))
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参考来源
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/cowplot/vignettes/introduction.html
https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggimage/vignettes/ggimage.html
https://guangchuangyu.github.io/cn/2017/04/ggimage/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20416857/how-do-i-install-imagemagick-devel-libraries-on-fedora
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